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Table 2 Risks in distributed symbiotic systems compared to import from full-scale greenhouses

From: Resilience by industrial symbiosis? A discussion on risk, opportunities and challenges for food production in the perspective of the food-energy-water nexus

No.

Name

Compared Resilience

Reason

i

Extreme weather

=

Small differences

ii

Employment

=

Difference of location only

iii

Nexus

+

Better resource efficiency

iv

Disease

=

Small difference because of mitigation action

v

Environment

+

Symbiotic facilities avoid eutrophication risks

vi

Government

?

Different but no basis for assessment

vii

Economics

–

Exposure to anchor industry

i.viii

Supply chain

-

Risk during roll-out before the total distributed system achieves bargaining power and know-how

+

Domestic supply better for transportation

Price premium for local produce

  1. Legend:
  2. + Better resilience for distributed symbiotic systems
  3. - Better resilience for comparison facility
  4. = No difference assessable with case data
  5. ? Different risk profiles but not assessable with case data